Frequently Asked Questions About Genetic Counseling

• If you or a family member have been diagnosed with cancer before the age of 50
• If you or a family member have been diagnosed with two or more cancers or bilateral cancers (i.e. both breasts)
• If you or a family member have rare cancers, such as ovarian cancer
• If two or more family members on the same side have been diagnosed with the same type of cancer
• If your family has a known hereditary cancer syndrome
• If your family history of cancer causes you to worry about the risk for you or your children

• Review of personal and family history
• Assessment of personal cancer risk
• Discussion of the role that genes play in the development of cancer
• Individualized prevention strategies to reduce cancer risk
• Information about the risk, benefits, and limitations of genetic testing
• Reassurance about confidentiality
• Support to make educated and informed decisions about genetic testing
• Genetic testing facilitation, when appropriate

Only about 5 to 10% of all cancers are hereditary. In families with hereditary cancer, a genetic variant is present in family members that contributes to the development of certain cancers in the family. Inheriting these genetic mutations can increase a person’s risk for certain types of cancer. These genetic changes can be passed down from generation to generation through the mother’s or father’s side of the family.

For people who are already diagnosed with cancer, genetic counseling can help you better understand how your cancer diagnosis may play a role in the pattern of cancer in your family. If you choose to pursue genetic testing, the results may help you make decisions about your treatment and understand your risk for other cancers. Genetic testing also provides an opportunity for your family members to learn about their own cancer risks.